Ques-4
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б: ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е
╪к╪╣╪з╪▒┘Б:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ╪з█М┌й ┘В╪п█М┘Е ┘Б╪з╪▒╪│█М ╪з╪п╪и ┌й█М ╪з█Б┘Е ╪к╪╡┘Ж█М┘Б █Б█Т ╪м┘И 11┘И█М┌║ ╪╡╪п█М ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Д┌й┌╛█М ┌п╪ж█М█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й╪к╪з╪и ┌й╪з ┘Е╪╡┘Ж┘Б ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е █Б█Т╪М ╪м┘И ╪з█М┌й ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ╪н┌й█М┘Е ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п╪з┘Ж╪┤┘И╪▒ ╪к┌╛╪з█Ф █М█Б ┌й╪к╪з╪и ╪о╪з╪╡ ╪╖┘И╪▒ ┘╛╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║╪М ┘Ж╪╡█М╪н╪к┘И┌║ ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘Б┘Д╪│┘Б█Б ╪н█М╪з╪к ┘╛╪▒ ┘Е╪┤╪к┘Е┘Д █Б█Т█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ╪н┌й╪з█М╪з╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘В╪╡█Т ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д █Б█М┌║ ╪м┘И ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█М ╪н┘В█М┘В╪к┘И┌║╪М ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ┌й╪▒╪п╪з╪▒╪М ╪│┘Е╪з╪м█М ╪з╪╡┘И┘Д┘И┌║ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ┘Е╪│╪з╪ж┘Д ┘╛╪▒ ╪▒┘И╪┤┘Ж█М ┌И╪з┘Д╪к█Т █Б█М┌║█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ┌й╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ┘Д┘И┌п┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌п╪▓╪з╪▒┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ╪к╪▒╪║█М╪и ╪п█М┘Ж╪з █Б█Т█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ╪о╪з╪╡ ╪╖┘И╪▒ ┘╛╪▒ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж█М╪к╪М ╪╡╪п╪з┘В╪к╪М ╪┤╪м╪з╪╣╪к╪М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█Т ┘Е┘И╪╢┘И╪╣╪з╪к ┘╛╪▒ ╪▓┘И╪▒ ╪п█М╪з ┌п█М╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й╪к╪з╪и ┘Е█М┌║ ╪м┘И ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д ┌й█М ┌п╪ж█М █Б█М┌║╪М ┘И█Б ╪з╪│ ┘И┘В╪к ┌й█М ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ╪л┘В╪з┘Б╪к╪М ┘Е╪╣╪з╪┤╪▒╪к█М ╪з┘В╪п╪з╪▒ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪╢┘И╪з╪и╪╖ ┌й╪з ╪╣┌й╪з╪│ █Б█М┌║█Ф
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е ┌й█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е ╪з█М┌й ╪╣╪╕█М┘Е ╪п╪з┘Ж╪┤┘И╪▒ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й█М┘Е ╪к┌╛█Т ╪м┘Ж█Б┘И┌║ ┘Ж█Т ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й┘И ╪╣┘Д┘Е ┘И ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█Т ┘Б╪▒┘И╪║ ┌й█Т ┘Д╪ж█Т ┘И┘В┘Б ┌й█М╪з█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й╪з ╪к╪╣┘Д┘В ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ╪╣┘Д╪з┘В█Т ┘Б╪з╪▒╪│ ╪│█Т ╪к┌╛╪з█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┌й╪з ╪п┘И╪▒ ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ╪к╪з╪▒█М╪о ┌й█Т ╪з█М┌й ╪з█Б┘Е ╪п┘И╪▒ ┌й█М ╪╣┌й╪з╪│█М ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т╪М ╪м╪и ╪│╪з╪│╪з┘Ж█М ╪│┘Д╪╖┘Ж╪к ┌й█Т ╪з╪л╪▒╪з╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ╪л┘В╪з┘Б╪к ┌й╪з ╪╣╪▒┘И╪м ╪к┌╛╪з█Ф ┘И█Б ╪з█М┌й ┘Е╪╣╪▓╪▓ ╪о╪з┘Ж╪п╪з┘Ж ╪│█Т ╪к╪╣┘Д┘В ╪▒┌й┌╛╪к█Т ╪к┌╛█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ╪п┘И╪▒ ┌й█Т ┘Е╪┤█Б┘И╪▒ ╪п╪з┘Ж╪┤┘И╪▒┘И┌║ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪┤┘Е╪з╪▒ █Б┘И╪к█Т ╪к┌╛█Т█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ╪з╪╣┘Д█М┘░ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘Б┘Д╪│┘Б█М╪з┘Ж█Б ╪з╪╡┘И┘Д┘И┌║ ┌й█М ╪к╪╣┘Д█М┘Е ╪п█М┘Ж╪з ╪к┌╛╪з╪М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪│ ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ┌й┘И ╪н╪з╪╡┘Д ┌й╪▒┘Ж█Т ┌й█Т ┘Д█М█Т ╪з┘Ж█Б┘И┌║ ┘Ж█Т ┌й╪ж█М ╪к╪╡┘Ж█М┘Б╪з╪к ┘Д┌й┌╛█М┌║█Ф
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е ┌й█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪╣┘Д┘Е ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й╪з ╪и┌С╪з ┌й╪▒╪п╪з╪▒ ╪к┌╛╪з█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█М ╪к╪╣┘Д█М┘Е╪з╪к ┌й╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж█М╪к ┌й█М ┘Б┘Д╪з╪н ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘Е╪╣╪з╪┤╪▒╪к█М ╪и█Б╪к╪▒█М ╪к┌╛╪з█Ф ╪з┘Ж█Б┘И┌║ ┘Ж█Т ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ┘И┘В╪к ┌й█Т ╪│┘Е╪з╪м█М ┘Е╪│╪з╪ж┘Д ┌й┘И ╪│┘Е╪м┌╛╪з ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Ж ┘╛╪▒ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪╣┘Д┘Е ┌й█Т ╪░╪▒█М╪╣█Т ╪▒┘И╪┤┘Ж█М ┌И╪з┘Д█М█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█М ╪к╪╡┘Ж█М┘Б╪з╪к ┘Е█М┌║ █Б┘Е ┌й┘И ┘Ж█Б ╪╡╪▒┘Б ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ┘И ┘Б┘Д╪│┘Б█М╪з┘Ж█Б ┘Е┘И╪╢┘И╪╣╪з╪к ┘Е┘Д╪к█Т █Б█М┌║ ╪и┘Д┌й█Б ╪з╪│ ┘И┘В╪к ┌й█Т ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ┘Е╪╣╪з╪┤╪▒╪к█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪л┘В╪з┘Б╪к█М ╪з┘В╪п╪з╪▒ ┌й█М ╪и┌╛█М ╪м┌╛┘Д┌й ┘Е┘Д╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┌й╪з ╪к╪╣╪з╪▒┘Б:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ╪з█М┌й ╪п┘Д┌Ж╪│┘╛ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з█Б┘Е ╪к╪╡┘Ж█М┘Б █Б█Т ╪м┘И ┘Б╪з╪▒╪│█М ╪з╪п╪и ┌й█М ╪к╪з╪▒█М╪о ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з█М┌й ╪з█Б┘Е ┘Е┘В╪з┘Е ╪▒┌й┌╛╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф █М█Б ┌й╪к╪з╪и ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ┘Ж╪╡█М╪н╪к┘И┌║╪М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘В╪╡┘И┌║ ┌й╪з ┘Е╪м┘Е┘И╪╣█Б █Б█Т╪М ╪м┘И ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е ┌й█М ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┘И ╪п╪з┘Ж╪з╪ж█М ┌й█М ┘Ж┘Е╪з╪ж┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й╪▒╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Е┘И╪м┘И╪п ╪н┌й╪з█М╪з╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ┘╛█Б┘Д┘И╪д┌║ ┌й┘И ╪з╪м╪з┌п╪▒ ┌й╪▒╪к█М █Б█М┌║╪М ╪м█М╪│█Т ┌й█Б ╪╡╪п╪з┘В╪к╪М ╪┤╪м╪з╪╣╪к╪М ╪з┘Ж╪╡╪з┘Б╪М ╪п┘И╪│╪к█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п╪┤┘Е┘Ж█М╪М ┘Е╪н╪и╪к╪М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘И╪│╪▒█Т ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж█М ╪м╪░╪и╪з╪к█Ф
┌й╪к╪з╪и ┌й╪з ╪│╪и ╪│█Т ╪и┌С╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж█М ┌й╪▒╪п╪з╪▒ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪╡┘Б╪з╪к ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪и┘Ж╪з┘Ж╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ╪┤╪о╪╡█М╪з╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ┌й╪▒╪п╪з╪▒ ┌й┘И ┘Ж┘Е┘И┘Ж█Б ╪и┘Ж╪з ┌й╪▒ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌п╪▓╪з╪▒┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ╪к╪▒╪║█М╪и ╪п█М █Б█Т█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┌й█Т █Б╪▒ ╪и╪з╪и ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з█М┌й ┘Ж╪ж█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М █Б┘И╪к█М █Б█Т╪М ╪м╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з█М┌й ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪│╪и┘В ┌Ж┌╛┘╛╪з █Б┘И╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ┌й╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ┘Ж█Б ╪╡╪▒┘Б ┘Б╪▒╪п ┌й█М ╪┤╪о╪╡█М╪к ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪и┘Ж╪з┘Ж╪з █Б█Т ╪и┘Д┌й█Б ╪│┘Е╪з╪м ┘Е█М┌║ ╪и┌╛█М ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪▒┘И╪з█М╪з╪к ┌й█М ╪к╪▒┘И█М╪м ┌й╪▒┘Ж╪з █Б█Т█Ф
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д █Б█М┌║╪М ╪м┘И ┘Ж█Б ╪╡╪▒┘Б ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪│╪и┘В ╪п█М╪к█М █Б█М┌║ ╪и┘Д┌й█Б ╪з╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ╪▒┘И█М┘И┌║╪М ╪м╪░╪и╪з╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪│┘И┌Ж ┌й█Т ╪и╪з╪▒█Т ┘Е█М┌║ ╪и┌╛█М ┌п█Б╪▒█М ╪и╪╡█М╪▒╪к ┘Б╪▒╪з█Б┘Е ┌й█М ╪м╪з╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й█М ╪▒┘И╪▓┘Е╪▒█Б ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█Т ┘Е╪│╪з╪ж┘Д ┌й┘И ╪з╪м╪з┌п╪▒ ┌й█М╪з ┌п█М╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ╪н┘Д ┌й█Т ╪и╪з╪▒█Т ┘Е█М┌║ ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█М ╪и╪з╪к█М┌║ ┌й█М ┌п╪ж█М █Б█М┌║█Ф
1. ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ╪в█Б┘И╪М ┘Е┘И╪┤ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪╣┘В╪з╪и:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┌й█М ╪│╪и ╪│█Т ┘Е╪┤█Б┘И╪▒ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪│█Т ╪з█М┌й ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ╪в█Б┘И╪М ┘Е┘И╪┤ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪╣┘В╪з╪и █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪к█М┘Ж ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ╪м╪з┘Ж┘И╪▒┘И┌║ ┌й█Т ┌й╪▒╪п╪з╪▒ █Б█М┌║ ╪м┘Ж ┌й█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ┘╛█Б┘Д┘И╪д┌║ ┌й╪з ╪и█М╪з┘Ж ┌й█М╪з ┌п█М╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪в█Б┘И (█Б╪▒┘Ж)╪М ┘Е┘И╪┤ (┌Ж┘И█Б╪з) ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪╣┘В╪з╪и (╪и╪з╪▓) ┌й█Т ╪п╪▒┘Е█М╪з┘Ж ╪з█М┌й ┘Е┘Б█Б┘И┘Е ┘╛╪▒ ┘Е╪и┘Ж█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М █Б█Т ╪м╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ █Б╪▒ ╪м╪з┘Ж┘И╪▒ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ┘Б╪╖╪▒╪к ┌й█Т ┘Е╪╖╪з╪и┘В ╪╣┘Е┘Д ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪│ ┌й█Т ┘Ж╪к╪з╪ж╪м ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ┘Ж┌й┘Д╪к█Т █Б█М┌║█Ф
╪в█Б┘И ┌й█М ┘Б╪╖╪▒╪к █Б█Т ┌й█Б ┘И█Б ╪п┘И╪│╪▒┘И┌║ ╪│█Т ┘Е╪н╪и╪к ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Е┘Ж ┌й█М ╪о┘И╪з█Б╪┤ ╪▒┌й┌╛╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ┘Е┘И╪┤ ┌й█М ┘Б╪╖╪▒╪к █Б█Т ┌й█Б ┘И█Б █Б╪▒ ╪н╪з┘Д ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ┘Б╪з╪ж╪п█Т ┌й█М ╪│┘И┌Ж╪к╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪╣┘В╪з╪и ┌й█М ┘Б╪╖╪▒╪к █Б█Т ┌й█Б ┘И█Б ╪╖╪з┘В╪к┘И╪▒ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪║╪╡█Т ┌й╪з ┘Е╪з┘Д┌й █Б┘И╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘Ж ╪м╪з┘Ж┘И╪▒┘И┌║ ┌й█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ╪╖╪▒╪▓ ╪╣┘Е┘Д ┌й┘И ╪п┌й┌╛╪з█М╪з ┌п█М╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Т ╪╣┘Е┘Д ┌й█Т ┘Ж╪к╪з╪ж╪м ┌й┘И ╪и█М╪з┘Ж ┌й█М╪з ┌п█М╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┌й╪з ┘Е┘В╪╡╪п ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й┘И █М█Б ╪│┌й┌╛╪з┘Ж╪з █Б█Т ┌й█Б ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Е╪н╪и╪к╪М ╪з┘Е┘Ж╪М ╪╡╪п╪з┘В╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█Т ╪з╪╡┘И┘Д┘И┌║ ┌й█М ┘╛█М╪▒┘И█М ┌й╪▒┘Ж█М ┌Ж╪з█Б█М█Т╪М ┌й█М┘И┘Ж┌й█Б ╪╖╪з┘В╪к ┌й╪з ╪з╪│╪к╪╣┘Е╪з┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪о┘И╪п╪║╪▒╪╢█М ╪в╪о╪▒┌й╪з╪▒ ┘Ж┘В╪╡╪з┘Ж ┌й╪з ╪│╪и╪и ╪и┘Ж╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф
2. ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п╪▒╪о╪к:
╪з█М┌й ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘Е╪┤█Б┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ╪м┘И ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д █Б█Т╪М ┘И█Б ╪з█М┌й ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п╪▒╪о╪к ┌й█Т ╪и╪з╪▒█Т ┘Е█М┌║ █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з█М┌й ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒█М ╪п╪▒╪о╪к ┌й█Т ┘Ж█М┌Ж█Т ┌Ж┌╛┘╛ ┌й╪▒ ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒ ┌й╪▒┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ┌й┘И╪┤╪┤ ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т╪М ┘Д█М┌й┘Ж ╪п╪▒╪о╪к ╪з╪│ ┌й█М ┘Е╪п╪п ┌й╪▒┘Ж█Т ┌й█Т ╪и╪м╪з╪ж█Т ╪з╪│ ┌й█Т ╪о┘Д╪з┘Б █Б┘И╪м╪з╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ╪п╪▒╪о╪к ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒█М ┌й┘И ╪з╪│ ┌й█Т ┘Б╪╣┘Д ┌й█М ╪│╪▓╪з ╪п█М╪к╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪│ ┌й█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й┘И ┘Е╪┤┌й┘Д ╪и┘Ж╪з ╪п█М╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф
╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┌й╪з ┘╛█М╪║╪з┘Е █М█Б █Б█Т ┌й█Б ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ┌й┘И ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ╪╣┘Е┘Д ┌й╪з ┘Ж╪к█М╪м█Б ╪│┘И┌Ж ┌й╪▒ ╪╣┘Е┘Д ┌й╪▒┘Ж╪з ┌Ж╪з█Б█М█Т╪М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┌п╪▒ ┘И█Б ╪п┘И╪│╪▒┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ┘Ж┘В╪╡╪з┘Ж ┘╛█Б┘Ж┌Ж╪з╪ж█Т ┌п╪з ╪к┘И ╪з╪│█Т ╪о┘И╪п ╪и┌╛█М ┘Ж┘В╪╡╪з┘Ж ╪з┘╣┌╛╪з┘Ж╪з ┘╛┌С█Т ┌п╪з█Ф █М█Б ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ╪з┘Ж╪╡╪з┘Б╪М ╪и╪п┘Д█Т ┌й█М ┘В┘И╪к ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘В╪п╪▒╪к█М ╪к┘И╪з╪▓┘Ж ┌й█М ╪з█Б┘Е█М╪к ┌й┘И ╪з╪м╪з┌п╪▒ ┌й╪▒╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф
3. ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ┘И╪▓█М╪▒ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п╪▒█М╪з:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┌й█М ╪з█М┌й ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з█М┌й ┘И╪▓█М╪▒ ┌й█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М █Б█Т ╪м┘И ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ╪н┌й┘И┘Е╪к█М ┘Б█М╪╡┘Д█Т ┘Е█М┌║ ┘Б╪▒█М╪и ╪п█М┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ┌й┘И╪┤╪┤ ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ┘И█Б ╪п╪▒█М╪з ┌й█Т ┘В╪▒█М╪и ╪м╪з ┌й╪▒ ╪з█М┌й ┘Е╪╣╪м╪▓█Б ╪п┌й┌╛╪з┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ┌й┘И╪┤╪┤ ┌й╪▒╪к╪з █Б█Т╪М ┘Д█М┌й┘Ж ╪п╪▒█М╪з ╪з╪│ ┌й█М ┌Ж╪з┘Д╪з┌й█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ┘Б╪▒█М╪и ┌й┘И ╪и█Т ┘Ж┘В╪з╪и ┌й╪▒ ╪п█М╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф ┘И╪▓█М╪▒ ┌й┘И █М█Б ╪│╪и┘В ┘Е┘Д╪к╪з █Б█Т ┌й█Б ╪п┌╛┘И┌й█Б ╪п█М┘Ж█Т ┌й╪з ┘Ж╪к█М╪м█Б █Б┘Е█М╪┤█Б ╪и╪▒╪з █Б┘И╪к╪з █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪м┘И ╪│┌Ж╪з╪ж█М ╪│█Т ┘Е┘Ж╪н╪▒┘Б █Б┘И╪к╪з █Б█Т╪М ╪з╪│ ┌й╪з ╪з┘Ж╪м╪з┘Е █Б┘Е█М╪┤█Б ╪и╪▒╪з █Б┘И╪к╪з █Б█Т█Ф
4. ╪н┌й╪з█М╪к ╪╣┘В┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘Д ┌й█М ┘Д┌С╪з╪ж█М:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Е█М┌║ ╪╣┘В┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘Д ┌й█Т ╪п╪▒┘Е█М╪з┘Ж █Б┘И┘Ж█Т ┘И╪з┘Д█М ┘Д┌С╪з╪ж█М ┌й█М ╪и┌╛█М ╪з█М┌й ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д █Б█Т█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪╣┘В┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘Д ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ╪з┘╛┘Ж█Т ╪о█М╪з┘Д╪з╪к ┌й┘И ╪╡╪н█М╪н ╪│┘Е╪м┌╛╪к█Т █Б█М┌║ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з█М┌й ╪п┘И╪│╪▒█Т ┌й█Т ╪│╪з╪к┌╛ ┘Д┌С╪к█Т █Б█М┌║█Ф ╪в╪о╪▒┌й╪з╪▒╪М ╪╣┘В┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘Д ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ █М█Б ╪│┘Е╪м┌╛╪к█Т █Б█М┌║ ┌й█Б ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й╪з ╪з┘╛┘Ж╪з ╪з┘╛┘Ж╪з ┘Е┘В╪з┘Е █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘Ж ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й█М ╪з█Б┘Е█М╪к █Б█Т█Ф
╪з╪│ ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М ┌й╪з ┘╛█М╪║╪з┘Е █М█Б █Б█Т ┌й█Б ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ┌й┘И ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪╣┘В┘Д ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪п┘Д ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й█М ╪│┘Ж┘Ж█М ┌Ж╪з█Б█М█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з┘Ж ╪п┘И┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й█Т ╪п╪▒┘Е█М╪з┘Ж ╪к┘И╪з╪▓┘Ж ┘╛█М╪п╪з ┌й╪▒┘Ж╪з ┌Ж╪з█Б█М█Т ╪к╪з┌й█Б ┘И█Б ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪и┘Ж╪з ╪│┌й█Т█Ф
┘Ж╪к█М╪м█Б:
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ╪з█М┌й ╪з█Б┘Е ╪з╪п╪и█М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ╪к╪╡┘Ж█М┘Б █Б█Т ╪м┘И ┘Ж█Б ╪╡╪▒┘Б ┘В╪п█М┘Е ╪з█М╪▒╪з┘Ж█М ╪л┘В╪з┘Б╪к ┌й╪з ╪н╪╡█Б █Б█Т ╪и┘Д┌й█Б ╪з╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪п█М ┌п╪ж█М ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪в╪м ╪и┌╛█М ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й█Т ┘Д█М█Т ╪▒█Б┘Ж┘Е╪з╪ж█М ┘Б╪▒╪з█Б┘Е ┌й╪▒╪к█М █Б█М┌║█Ф ╪з╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪┤╪з┘Е┘Д ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ┌й█М ┘Б╪╖╪▒╪к╪М ╪з╪│ ┌й█Т ╪╣┘Е┘Д╪М ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪о┘Д╪з┘В█М ┘Б█М╪╡┘Д┘И┌║ ┘╛╪▒ ╪▒┘И╪┤┘Ж█М ┌И╪з┘Д╪к█М █Б█М┌║█Ф ┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж ╪▒╪│╪к┘Е ┘Ж█Т ╪з╪│ ┌й╪к╪з╪и ┌й█Т ╪░╪▒█М╪╣█Т ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█Т ╪з█Б┘Е ╪│╪и┘В ╪п█М█Т █Б█М┌║╪М ╪м┘И ╪в╪м ╪и┌╛█М █Б┘Е╪з╪▒█Т ┘Д█М█Т ╪з█М┌й ┘В█М┘Е╪к█М ╪з╪л╪з╪л█Б █Б█М┌║█Ф ╪з┘Ж ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М┘И┌║ ┌й█М ┘Е╪п╪п ╪│█Т █Б┘Е ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М ┌й█Т ┘Е╪о╪к┘Д┘Б ┘Е╪│╪з╪ж┘Д ┌й╪з ╪н┘Д ╪к┘Д╪з╪┤ ┌й╪▒ ╪│┌й╪к█Т █Б█М┌║ ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з█М┌й ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪з┘Ж╪│╪з┘Ж ╪и┘Ж┘Ж█Т ┌й█М ┌й┘И╪┤╪┤ ┌й╪▒ ╪│┌й╪к█Т █Б█М┌║█Ф
┘Е╪▒╪▓╪и╪з┘Ж ┘Ж╪з┘Е█Б ┘Ж█Б ╪╡╪▒┘Б ╪з█М┌й ╪к╪з╪▒█М╪о ╪з┘И╪▒ ╪з╪п╪и ┌й╪з ╪о╪▓╪з┘Ж█Б █Б█Т ╪и┘Д┌й█Б ╪з╪│ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪п█М ┌п╪ж█М ╪н┌й┘Е╪к ┌й█М ┌й█Б╪з┘Ж█М╪з┌║ ╪в╪м ┌й█Т ╪п┘И╪▒ ┘Е█М┌║ ╪и┌╛█М ╪з╪к┘Ж█М █Б█М ╪з█Б┘Е█М╪к ╪▒┌й┌╛╪к█М █Б█М┌║ ╪м╪к┘Ж█М ┌й█Б ┘В╪п█М┘Е ╪▓┘Е╪з┘Ж█Т ┘Е█М┌║ ╪к┌╛█М┌║█Ф ╪з╪│ ┌й╪к╪з╪и ┌й█М ╪з█Б┘Е█М╪к ╪в╪м ╪и┌╛█М ╪и╪▒┘В╪▒╪з╪▒ █Б█Т ╪з┘И╪▒ █М█Б █Б┘Е█М┌║ ╪з┘╛┘Ж█М ╪▓┘Ж╪п┌п█М┘И┌║ ┌й┘И ╪и█Б╪к╪▒ ╪и┘Ж╪з┘Ж█Т ┌й█Т ┘Д█М█Т ╪з█М┌й ┘В█М┘Е╪к█М ╪▒█Б┘Ж┘Е╪з╪ж█М ┘Б╪▒╪з█Б┘Е ┌й╪▒╪к█М █Б█Т█Ф
Marzbannameh: Marzban bin Rustam
Introduction: Marzbannameh is an important work of ancient Persian literature, written in the 11th century. The author of this book is Marzban bin Rustam, an Iranian sage and philosopher. This book is particularly composed of moral stories, advice, and philosophical teachings on the nature of life. Marzbannameh includes various anecdotes and tales that shed light on the realities of life, human character, social values, and ethical dilemmas. The purpose of these stories is to encourage people to live a better life. The book places particular emphasis on themes such as humanity, truth, courage, and wisdom. The stories included in Marzbannameh reflect the cultural, social, and moral values of ancient Iranian society.
The Life of Marzban bin Rustam: Marzban bin Rustam was a great philosopher and sage who dedicated his life to the promotion of knowledge and wisdom. He was from the region of Fars in Iran. Marzban’s era reflects an important period in Iranian history when the influence of the Sassanian Empire and Iranian culture was at its peak. He belonged to a distinguished family and was considered one of the most renowned intellectuals of his time. His lifeтАЩs purpose was to teach high moral and philosophical principles to people, and to achieve this goal, he wrote several works.
Knowledge and wisdom played a significant role in Marzban bin Rustam’s life. His teachings focused on the welfare of humanity and the improvement of society. He understood the social issues of his time and addressed them through his wisdom and knowledge. In his writings, we find not only moral and philosophical themes but also glimpses of the social and cultural values of Iranian society at the time.
Introduction to Marzbannameh: Marzbannameh is an interesting and important work that holds a prominent place in the history of Persian literature. The book is a collection of moral teachings, stories, and fables that represent the wisdom and intellect of Marzban bin Rustam. The tales in Marzbannameh highlight various aspects of human life, such as truth, courage, justice, friendship and enmity, love, and other human emotions.
The main aim of the book is to improve human character and moral qualities. Marzban uses different personalities and their actions as examples to inspire people to live better lives. Each chapter of Marzbannameh contains a new story, each with a moral lesson hidden within. These stories aim not only to improve an individualтАЩs character but also to promote ethical traditions within society.
Stories in Marzbannameh: Marzbannameh includes various stories that not only provide moral lessons but also offer deep insights into human behavior, emotions, and thought. These stories highlight the problems of everyday life and provide wisdom on how to solve them.
- The Story of the Deer, Mouse, and Eagle: One of the most famous stories in Marzbannameh is the tale of the deer, mouse, and eagle. In this story, three different animals represent different aspects of life. The deer (Ah┼л), the mouse (Mush), and the eagle (Uqab) act according to their nature, and their actions lead to different results.
The deer is characterized by its love for others and desire for peace, the mouse is selfish and always thinks of its own gain, while the eagle is powerful and prone to anger. The story demonstrates the different behaviors of these animals and the consequences of their actions. The moral of the story is that humans should follow principles of love, peace, truth, and wisdom in life, as the use of power and selfishness ultimately leads to harm.
- The Story of the Hunter and the Tree: Another famous story in Marzbannameh is about a hunter and a tree. In this tale, a hunter hides beneath a tree while trying to catch his prey, but instead of helping him, the tree turns against the hunter. The tree punishes the hunter for his actions and makes his life difficult.
The lesson of this story is that one must consider the consequences of their actions. If a person harms others, they will eventually face harm themselves. This story emphasizes the importance of justice, the power of revenge, and the balance of nature.
- The Story of the Minister and the Sea: Another tale in Marzbannameh is about a minister who tries to deceive others with his government decisions. He goes near the sea, trying to perform a miracle, but the sea exposes his trickery and deceit. The minister learns the lesson that deception always leads to a bad outcome, and anyone who deviates from the truth will ultimately face negative consequences.
- The Story of the Battle Between Reason and the Heart: Marzbannameh also includes a story about a conflict between reason and the heart. In this tale, reason and the heart each believe their own ideas are correct and they engage in a battle with each other. Eventually, both realize that each has its own place and importance in life.
The moral of this story is that one should listen to both their reason and their heart, and seek to strike a balance between the two in order to live a better life.
Conclusion: Marzbannameh is an important literary and ethical work that is not only a part of ancient Iranian culture but also contains wisdom that still provides guidance for people today. The stories included in the book shed light on human nature, actions, and moral decisions. Through this work, Marzban bin Rustam imparted valuable life lessons that remain a precious asset to this day. With the help of these stories, we can find solutions to various problems in our lives and strive to become better individuals.
Marzbannameh is not only a treasure of history and literature, but the wisdom contained in its stories holds as much relevance today as it did in ancient times. The importance of this book remains intact, as it continues to provide valuable guidance for improving our lives.
